Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Superior Soft Tissue Detail

• MRI is the "gold standard" for viewing non-bony structures. It provides exceptional clarity for the brain, spinal cord, nerves, muscles, ligaments, and tendons, which often appear blurry on X-rays or CT scans.

No Ionizing Radiation

• Unlike CT scans or X-rays, MRIs use magnetic fields and radio waves, meaning there is zero exposure to harmful ionizing radiation. This makes it a safer, repeatable option for children, pregnant women, and patients requiring long-term monitoring.

Early Disease Detection

• MRI can differentiate between normal and abnormal tissue with high precision. This allows doctors to catch subtle changes—such as tiny tumors, early-stage strokes, or internal inflammation—long before they become visible on other imaging tests.

Non-Invasive

• Because it produces such high-resolution 3D images, an MRI can often replace the need for more invasive diagnostic procedures.

Versatile Multiplanar Imaging

• An MRI can capture images of the body from almost any angle (axial, coronal, or sagittal) without the patient having to move. This gives surgeons a precise "roadmap" for planning complex procedures.

Safer Contrast Options

• When "dye" is needed to highlight specific tissues, the gadolinium-based contrast used in MRI is generally less likely to cause allergic reactions than the iodine-based dyes used in CT scans.

• MRI Technology: MRI scans use strong magnets and radio waves to produce 3D images
• During an MRI you must lie very still on a table that will slide into a tunnel-shaped machine that is open on both ends. A coil (plastic frame or padded cover) may be placed over the specific body part being examined to act as an antenna for the signals.
• The machine will make loud, rhythmic thumping, knocking, and clicking sounds. To protect your hearing, you will be required to wear ear plugs and headphones (often with music) to help block out the sound.
• You are not alone! You will be given a “squeeze ball” or call button in your hand, and you will be able to talk to the technologist through an intercom at any time. The technologist will operate the machine just outside the MRI room and will be able to see and communicate with you throughout the duration of your exam.
• The test can last between 10 minutes and up to 90 minutes depending on the type of exam(s).
• Expert review: A radiologist reviews the images and shares the results with your healthcare provider to guide your care.

• Injury detection: Identifies broken bones, internal bleeding, and trauma-related damage.
• Cancer evaluation: Detects tumors, helps with staging, and monitors treatment response.
• Heart and blood vessels: Assesses blockages, aneurysms, and blood flow issues.
• Brain and spine: Diagnoses strokes, brain injuries, and spinal problems.
• Abdominal and pelvic imaging: Examines organs like the liver, kidneys, pancreas, and reproductive system.
• Procedure planning: Guides biopsies, surgeries, and radiation therapy.

The magnet is always on, meaning anything metallic can become a dangerous projectile or heat up. 

• Implants: You must inform your doctor about any implanted medical devices, such as pacemakers, cochlear implants, or aneurysm clips. While many modern implants are "MR-conditional" (safe under specific settings), older ones may not be.
• Everyday Items: Jewelry, watches, hearing aids, and even underwire bras must be removed.
• Surprising Metals: Some tattoos with metallic ink, permanent makeup, and certain medication patches (like nicotine or clonidine) can cause skin burns. Clothing materials, such as dry fit, and wicking, may contain metallic fibers that can also cause burns.

Certain factors can affect the clarity and accuracy of your MRI results. Here’s what to keep in mind:

• Lying still: You will need to lie still on the scanning table, which may be uncomfortable if you have pain or a recent injury.
• Movement during the scan: Staying still is essential. Any movement—even small shifts—can blur the images and make it harder for doctors to interpret them. If you have a condition that makes it difficult to lie still, let your care team know so they can help.
• Recent food or drink: For scans that require fasting, eating or drinking too close to your appointment may affect image quality. Follow all prep instructions carefully.
• Claustrophobia, Anxiety or discomfort: If tight spaces make you feel anxious or uncomfortable, you can talk to your provider about options prior to your exam.

• Rare, but possible: Some MRI scans use a contrast dye to improve image clarity. When dye is needed to highlight specific tissues, the gadolinium-based contrast used in MRI is generally less likely to cause allergic reactions than the iodine-based dyes used in CT scans. 
• Symptoms: Mild reactions may include itching, rash, or nausea. Severe reactions like difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis are very rare.
• Inform your doctor: If you have known allergies to gadolinium, contrast dye, or latex, let your healthcare provider know before your scan.
• IV placement: If contrast dye is needed, an IV will be placed in your arm. You may feel a brief prick or cold sensation during the injection.
• Injection site reactions: Rarely, you might experience redness, swelling, or soreness at the IV site afterward.

Pregnancy Considerations

• While there are no known risks to the fetus, doctors typically avoid MRIs during the first trimester unless absolutely necessary.

Breastfeeding Considerations

• MRI scans without contrast dye pose no risk to breastfeeding. If contrast dye is used, your provider may give specific guidance depending on the type of contrast dye.